Genetic investigation into the broad health implications of caffeine: evidence from phenome-wide, proteome-wide and metabolome-wide Mendelian randomization

Abstract Background Caffeine is one of the most utilized drugs in the world, yet its clinical effects are not fully understood. Circulating caffeine levels are influenced by the interplay between consumption behaviour and metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of circulating caffein...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	BMC Medicine
Main Authors:	Loukas Zagkos, Héléne T. Cronjé, Benjamin Woolf, Roxane de La Harpe, Stephen Burgess, Christos S. Mantzoros, Paul Elliott, Shuai Yuan, Susanna C. Larsson, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Dipender Gill
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	BMC 2024-02-01
Subjects:	Caffeine Phenome-wide association study Mendelian randomization Osteoarthritis Obesity
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03298-y