Mechanisms of Adhesion Increase in Wet Sanded Wheel–Rail Contacts—A DEM-Based Analysis

In railways, problems in braking and traction can be caused by so-called low-adhesion conditions. Adhesion is increased by sanding, where sand grains are blasted towards the wheel–rail contact. Despite the successful use of sanding in practice and extensive experimental studies, the physical mechani...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Lubricants
Main Authors:	Bettina Suhr, William A. Skipper, Roger Lewis, Klaus Six
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Subjects:	wheel–rail contact low adhesion Discrete Element Method
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/13/7/314