Flow assurance methods for transporting heavy and waxy crude oils via pipelines without chemical additive intervention

Most of the unconventional fossil fuel reserves consist of heavy crude oil. Crude oil is transported through pipelines, land, and cargo tankers. It loses its ability to flow below its pour point. Therefore, crude oil needs to be heated above its pour point, or it requires some mechanism to reduce vi...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Petroleum Research
Main Authors:	Rakesh Kumar Ratnakar, Sivakumar Pandian, Hepzibah Mary, Himanshu Choksi
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2025-03-01
Subjects:	Viscosity reduction Heavy crude oil Pour point reduction Thermal cracking Flow improver
Online Access:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096249524000656