Association of inflammatory cytokines with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

ObjectivePrevious observational studies have suggested associations between various inflammatory cytokines with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy. However, the causal association remains uncertain.MethodSummary statistics for type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy were obt...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Frontiers in Medicine
Main Authors:	Siyuan Song, Jing Ni, Yuqing Sun, Qiang Pu, Li Zhang, Qianhua Yan, Jiangyi Yu
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-11-01
Subjects:	Mendelian randomization analysis bidirectional inflammatory cytokines type 2 diabetes mellitus diabetic nephropathy horizontal pleiotropy
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1459752/full