A Power Compensation Strategy for Achieving Homogeneous Microstructures for 4D Printing Shape-Adaptive PNIPAM Hydrogels: Out-of-Plane Variations

In the last decade, 3D printing has attracted significant attention and has resulted in benefits to many research areas. Advances in 3D printing with smart materials at the microscale, such as hydrogels and liquid crystalline polymers, have enabled 4D printing and various applications in microrobots...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Gels
Main Authors:	Liyuan Tan, Hyunjin Lee, Li Fang, David J. Cappelleri
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2022-12-01
Subjects:	hydrogel PNIPAM polymerization 4D printing homogeneous deformation
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/8/12/828