Relationships between the menstrual cycle and neuropsychiatric and physical symptoms in females with Tourette syndrome

BackgroundThe effects of the menstrual cycle on neuropsychiatric and physical symptoms have been examined in multiple psychiatric illnesses, but research on Tourette syndrome (TS) and menstruation is limited and inconclusive. One study published in 1992 reported that 34% of female respondents experi...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Frontiers in Neurology
Main Authors:	Daisy T. Noriega-Makarskyy, Evan Realbuto, Ariadne Kaylor, Lisa Osiecki, Angela Essa, Dongmei Yu, Cornelia Illmann, Carol A. Mathews, Jeremiah M. Scharf
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-02-01
Subjects:	Tourette syndrome tic disorders tic fluctuations menstrual cycle female sex hormones
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1500766/full