Immunological Reaction in TNF-α-Mediated Osteoclast Formation and Bone Resorption In Vitro and In Vivo

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a cytokine produced by monocytes, macrophages, and T cells and is induced by pathogens, endotoxins, or related substances. TNF-α may play a key role in bone metabolism and is important in inflammatory bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Cells directly invol...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Clinical and Developmental Immunology
Main Authors:	Hideki Kitaura, Keisuke Kimura, Masahiko Ishida, Haruka Kohara, Masako Yoshimatsu, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Wiley 2013-01-01
Online Access:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/181849