Growth Differentiation Factor 15 as a Biomarker for Risk Stratification in the Cardiothoracic Surgery Intensive Care Unit

Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) is an emerging biomarker that significantly increases during acute stress responses, such as infections, and is moderately elevated in chronic and inflammation-driven conditions. While evidence suggests that high levels of GDF15 in cardiac surgery are associa...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Biomolecules
Main Authors:	Ricardo Ferreira, Tiago R. Velho, Rafael Maniés Pereira, Dora Pedroso, Beatriz Draiblate, Susana Constantino, Ângelo Nobre, Ana G. Almeida, Luís F. Moita, Fausto Pinto
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Subjects:	GDF15 cardiac surgery cardiopulmonary bypass surgical aortic valve replacement hemodynamic support acute kidney injury
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/12/1593