Assembly theory: formalizing assembly spaces, discovering patterns and bounds

AbstractAssembly theory defines structural complexity as the minimum number of steps required to construct an object in an assembly space. We formalize the assembly space as an acyclic digraph of strings. Key results include analytical bounds on the minimum and maximum assembly indices (ASIs) as fun...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Royal Society Open Science
Main Authors: Wawrzyniec Bieniawski, Piotr Masierak, Andrzej Tomski, Szymon Łukaszyk, Szymon Tworz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Royal Society 2026-05-01
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Online Access:https://royalsocietypublishing.org/rsos/article-pdf/doi/10.1098/rsos.260082/6141715/rsos.260082.pdf