Second hand smoke attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Abstract Background We aimed to estimate the changes in, second hand smoke (SHS) and potential drivers of its health outcome from 1990 to 2021 worldwide. Methods The data was derived from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, which covered 204 countries and terr...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Respiratory Research
Main Authors:	Zheng Su, Ying Xie, Zhenxiao Huang, Anqi Cheng, Xinmei Zhou, Min Wang, Xin Xia, Tingfen Ji, Liang Zhao, Zhao Liu, Dan Xiao, Chen Wang
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	BMC 2025-05-01
Subjects:	Second hand smoke Secular trends Disease burden Worldwide
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-025-03228-3