Examining the Structure of Directed Motivational Currents (DMCs) Among Secondary and Tertiary English as a Second Language Learners

Motivation remains a central concern in second language (L2) and English as a foreign language (EFL) education, yet its underlying mechanisms are insufficiently understood. This study employs the theory of Directed Motivational Currents (DMCs) to explore periods of intense, sustained L2 motivation a...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Behavioral Sciences
Main Authors:	Chuanwei Huo, Lawrence Jun Zhang, Jason M. Stephens
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-08-01
Subjects:	L2 motivation Directed Motivational Currents (DMCs) DMC triggers flow theory Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT)
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/15/8/1066