7-step endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy with implant-based breast reconstruction: nipple sensation preservation and low complications

Abstract Background Single-port endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (E-NSM) with implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) represents a promising surgical technique. However, the surgical procedures are complex and lack standardized and systematic surgical protocols. The seven-step method was intr...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	World Journal of Surgical Oncology
Main Authors:	Ze Huang, Zhijie Wu, Xiaoyan Fu, Yonghai Guo, Siyuan Lin, Jieying Chen, Zongyan Li, Zuxiao Chen, Haiyan Li
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	BMC 2025-07-01
Subjects:	The seven-step method Endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy Single port Breast reconstruction Breast cancer Nipple sensation
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-025-03935-7