Rubber Crumb Infill in Synthetic Turf and Health Outcomes: A Review of the Literature on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Metalloids

Synthetic turf has become a popular alternative to natural grass due to low upkeep costs; however, its health impacts have not been clearly elucidated. This review examines and consolidates the existing literature on rubber crumb in infill in synthetic turf and its associated adverse health outcomes...

Full description

Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Epidemiologia
Main Authors:	Shamshad Karatela, Igor Popovic, Zahra Sobhani, Shiv Basant Kumar, Thava Palanisami, Li-Zi Lin, Gunther Paul
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Subjects:	artificial grass synthetic turf playground crumb rubber sportsground polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3986/6/1/4