Enhanced medical image watermarking using hybrid DWT-HMD-SVD and Arnold scrambling

Abstract The protection of medical images against unauthorized access and tampering is paramount. This paper presents a robust watermarking framework that integrates Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Hessenberg Decomposition (HMD), Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), and Arnold Scrambling to enhance...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific Reports
Main Authors: Himanshi Chaudhary, Preeti Garg, Virendra P. Vishwakarma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Subjects:
Watermarking
DWT
Arnold scrambling
PSNR
NC
Attacks
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94080-4

Internet

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94080-4

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