Space Efficiency of Transit-Oriented Station Areas: A Case Study from a Complex Adaptive System Perspective

Transit-oriented development (TOD) has been widely adopted in urban planning to alleviate traffic congestion, urban sprawl, and other problems. The TOD metro station area, as a dynamic and open spatial system, presents typical complex features. To improve urban planning by understanding the complex...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
Main Authors:	Jinwen Fan, Zhenwu Shi, Jie Liu, Jinru Wang
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Subjects:	TOD complex adaptive system metro station area space efficiency cloud model
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/14/1/20