PD-1 induces autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 pathway to promote infectious bursal disease virus replication

IntroductionAutophagy is an important process in host cell responses to viral replication and spread, including those against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a known immunoinhibitory receptor, and its expression causes immune dysfunction in B lymphocytes, resulti...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Frontiers in Immunology
Main Authors:	Qiuyu Zhang, Feng Yue, Guopeng Sun, Liwei Jiang, Peng Li, Yanping Zhu, Zhike Liu, Yangzhao Zhu, Ruiyan Niu, Hua He, Zilong Sun, Xuannian Wang
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Subjects:	infectious bursal disease virus PD-1 autophagy PI3K/AKT FoxO1 viral replication
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1585012/full