Signs and symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) in clinical practice – the possible involvement of thyroid autoimmunity in genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM)

Background Thyroid autoimmune disorders (ADs) are common in midlife women and can impact various aspects of health, including sexual function. The effect of thyroid autoimmunity on the clinical manifestations of vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) remains unclear.Objective To explore the relationship between...

Full description

Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Gynecological Endocrinology
Main Authors:	Laura Cucinella, Federica Barbagallo, Mariacristina Erroi, Chiara Procaccianti, Ellis Martini, Lara Tiranini, Giorgia E. Parrotta, Greta Monne, Giulia M. Colombo, Aldo Calogero, Rossella E. Nappi
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Subjects:	Autoimmune thyroiditis genitourinary syndrome of menopause vulvovaginal atrophy menopause thyroid disorders
Online Access:	https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/09513590.2025.2458705