Safeguarding Economic Growth Amid Democratic Backsliding: The Primacy of Institutions over Innovation

This paper investigates how democracy influences economic growth through innovation and institutional quality. Using an augmented Solow growth model and panel-data mediation analysis across 123 countries (2011–2022), we quantify democracy’s impact on GDP per capita. Our results show that institution...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Economies
Main Authors:	Ran Ben Malka, Sharon Hadad
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-08-01
Subjects:	democratic institutions innovation economic growth mediation analysis democratic backsliding
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/13/8/237