Evaluation of a Virtual Reality Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) Surgical Simulator

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy is the standard surgical procedure used to remove large kidney stones. PCNL procedures have a steep learning curve; a physician needs to complete between 36 and 60 procedures, to achieve clinical proficiency. Marion Surgical K181 is a virtual reality surgical simulator,...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Frontiers in Robotics and AI
Main Authors:	Ben Sainsbury, Maciej Łącki, Mohammed Shahait, Mitchell Goldenberg, Amir Baghdadi, Lora Cavuoto, Jing Ren, Mark Green, Jason Lee, Timothy D. Averch, Carlos Rossa
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-01-01
Subjects:	haptics virtual reality simulation PCNL percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgical simulation and training
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/frobt.2019.00145/full