Rearing Sea Urchins to Promote ‘Ready-to-Spawn’ Conditions for Ecotoxicological Surveys

The sea urchin <i>Paracentrotus lividus</i> is a good model in ecotoxicology, but adults living along the Italian coasts have a limited reproductive period. In this species, natural or human-driven pressures may lead to limited gamete availability for ecotoxicological surveys. This study...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Toxics
Main Authors:	Roberta Miroglio, Pietro Soro, Lisa Zanetti, Laura Castellano, Natalia Perez, Erica Carlig, Marco Faimali, Chiara Gambardella
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-08-01
Subjects:	bioassay ecotoxicology embryotoxicity fertilization sea urchins
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/8/705