Structural Complexity as a Directional Signature of System Evolution: Beyond Entropy

We propose a universal framework for understanding system evolution based on structural complexity, offering a directional signature that applies across physical, chemical, and biological domains. Unlike entropy, which is constrained by its definition in closed, equilibrium systems, we introduce Kol...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Entropy
Main Author:	Donglu Shi
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-09-01
Subjects:	structural complexity Kolmogorov complexity fractal dimension non-equilibrium thermodynamics system evolution directionality
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/9/925