Meta-analysis reveals that seed-applied neonicotinoids and pyrethroids have similar negative effects on abundance of arthropod natural enemies

Background Seed-applied neonicotinoids are widely used in agriculture, yet their effects on non-target species remain incompletely understood. One important group of non-target species is arthropod natural enemies (predators and parasitoids), which contribute considerably to suppression of crop pest...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	PeerJ
Main Authors:	Margaret R. Douglas, John F. Tooker
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	PeerJ Inc. 2016-12-01
Subjects:	Meta-analysis Biological control Neonicotinoids Pyrethroids Natural enemies Predator
Online Access:	https://peerj.com/articles/2776.pdf