Formulation and characterization of BBR loaded niosomes using saponin as a nonionic biosurfactant investigating synergistic effects to enhance antibacterial activity

Abstract This study aimed to enhance the antibacterial efficacy of BBR, a natural alkaloid with limited bioavailability and solubility, by encapsulating it in niosomes using saponin as a biosurfactant. Niosomes, non-ionic surfactant-based vesicles, improve drug stability and targeted delivery. The n...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific Reports
Main Authors: Soudeh Shiri, Kamaladin Gharanjig, Azar Tahghighi, Mozhgan Hosseinnezhad, Masoud Etezad
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-02-01
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87950-4