Nanofluids for advanced thermal management: A multi-criteria review of performance, cost, and environmental impacts

Nanofluids—engineered suspensions of nanoparticles in conventional fluids—have emerged as next-generation coolants due to their exceptional thermal properties. This review synthesizes recent progress in nanofluid research with a multi-criteria evaluation of thermophysical performance, cost-efficienc...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Results in Materials
Main Authors:	Hamid-Reza Bahrami, Omid Allahdadi, Hamid Saffari
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier 2025-09-01
Subjects:	Nanofluids Thermal conductivity enhancement Hybrid nanofluids Heat transfer High-conductivity fluids Battery thermal management systems
Online Access:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X25000986