Immune checkpoint pathways in glioblastoma: a diverse and evolving landscape

Immune checkpoint (IC) inhibition in glioblastoma (GBM) has not shown promising results in the last decade compared to other solid tumors. Several factors contributing to the lack of immunotherapy response include the profound immunosuppressive nature of GBM, highly redundant signaling pathways unde...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Frontiers in Immunology
Main Authors:	Julio F. Inocencio, Stefan Mitrasinovic, Mohammad Asad, Ian F. Parney, Xingxing Zang, Benjamin T. Himes
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-09-01
Subjects:	immune checkpoints glioblastoma immune microenvironment tumor immunosuppression immunotherapy
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1424396/full