Optimizing oral 3-hydroxybutyrate dosage using pharmacokinetic model to improve cognitive function and mood in healthy subjects

IntroductionThe brain uses ketones, mainly 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB), as an alternative energy source. Therefore, oral intake of 3-HB may help maintain brain health. Previous studies indicated that achieving a maximum concentration (Cmax) of 3-HB in plasma at 0.28 mM could initiate ketone metabolism...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Frontiers in Nutrition
Main Authors:	Kentaro Nishioka, Takahiro Ishimoto, Mariko Sato, Ruki Yasuda, Yumi Nakamura, Hiroshi Watanabe, Toshihide Suzuki, Yudai Araragi, Yukio Kato, Ken-ichi Yoshida, Norihito Murayama
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-01-01
Subjects:	ketone 3-hydroxybutyrate beta-hydroxybutyrate brain energy cognitive function mood
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1470331/full