Risk Assessment of Effects of Essential Oils on Honey Bees (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.)

The toxicity of synthetic pesticides to non-target organisms has prompted a shift towards more environmentally friendly agricultural pest control methods, including the use of essential oils as possible biopesticides. Before these natural chemicals can be widely adopted for protecting food supplies...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Insects
Main Authors:	Joel Caren, Yu-Cheng Zhu, Quentin D. Read, Yuzhe Du
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Subjects:	essential oil honey bee enzymes insecticide biopesticide toxicity
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/3/303