Validity of smartwatch-derived estimates of lactate threshold heart rate and pace compared to graded exercise testing

BackgroundQuantifying exercise intensity through the lactate threshold (LT) is crucial for optimizing athletic training regimes. Traditional methods like maximal lactate steady state and graded exercise testing are valid but invasive and costly. Advances in smartwatch technology offer a non-invasive...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Frontiers in Physiology
Main Authors:	Changda Lu, Wei Cui, Zheng Zhu, Yiwei Wu, Qingjun Xing, Bingyu Pan, Yanfei Shen
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Subjects:	exercise intensity running lactate threshold smartwatch validity
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2025.1621996/full