Validity of smartwatch-derived estimates of lactate threshold heart rate and pace compared to graded exercise testing

BackgroundQuantifying exercise intensity through the lactate threshold (LT) is crucial for optimizing athletic training regimes. Traditional methods like maximal lactate steady state and graded exercise testing are valid but invasive and costly. Advances in smartwatch technology offer a non-invasive...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Frontiers in Physiology
Main Authors:	Changda Lu, Wei Cui, Zheng Zhu, Yiwei Wu, Qingjun Xing, Bingyu Pan, Yanfei Shen
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Subjects:	exercise intensity running lactate threshold smartwatch validity
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2025.1621996/full

Similar Items

Correction: Validity of smartwatch-derived estimates of lactate threshold heart rate and pace compared to graded exercise testing
by: Changda Lu, et al.
Published: (2025-07-01)

Accuracy of smartwatches in predicting distance running performance
by: Jiansong Dai, et al.
Published: (2025-01-01)

Factors Influencing Running Velocity at Lactate Threshold in Male and Female Runners at Different Levels of Performance
by: Eva Maria Støa, et al.
Published: (2020-11-01)

Failure to pace identified by a smartwatch: what is your diagnosis?
by: Valérian Valiton, et al.
Published: (2025-05-01)

From Incremental Test to Continuous Running at Fixed Lactate Thresholds: Individual Responses on %VO<sub>2max</sub>, %HR<sub>max</sub>, Lactate Accumulation, and RPE
by: Daniel Fleckenstein, et al.
Published: (2023-10-01)

Smartwatches in healthcare medicine: assistance and monitoring; a scoping review
by: Mohsen Masoumian Hosseini, et al.
Published: (2023-11-01)

Maximal lactate steady state estimated by different methods of anaerobic threshold
by: Kristopher Mendes de Souza, et al.
Published: (2012-04-01)

AN EXAMINATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNET OF THINGS IN HEALTHCARE UTILIZING SMARTWATCHES
by: Fatemeh Sadeghi Boshrabadi, et al.
Published: (2024-12-01)

Agreement Between Heart Rate Variability - Derived vs. Ventilatory and Lactate Thresholds: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses
by: Valérian Tanner, et al.
Published: (2024-10-01)

Detecting Atrial Fibrillation Using Smartwatches
by: Agnieszka Kulczycka-Rowicka, et al.
Published: (2025-02-01)

Developing a Smartwatch-Based Healthcare Application: Notes to Consider
by: Ramin Ramezani, et al.
Published: (2023-07-01)

Verifying Physiological and Biomechanical Parameters during Continuous Swimming at Speed Corresponding to Lactate Threshold
by: Gavriil G. Arsoniadis, et al.
Published: (2020-06-01)

Smartwatch-Based Information System as a Compliance Detector in Traffic
by: Adi Rizal Rizkulloh, et al.
Published: (2023-06-01)

Tele-consultation with smartwatch electrocardiogram precordial recordings
by: Dimitrios Karelas, et al.
Published: (2023-05-01)

Analyzing Physiological Characteristics of Running Performance Using Real-World Data
by: Zheng Zhu, et al.
Published: (2025-10-01)

Detection of Motion on a Trampoline with a Smartwatch
by: Satoshi Kobayashi, et al.
Published: (2021-12-01)

Leveraging a Smartwatch for Activity Recognition in Salat
by: Ishrat Jahan, et al.
Published: (2023-01-01)

Garmin Fénix 7® underestimates performance at the lactate threshold in comparison to standardized blood lactate field test
by: Jennifer Schlie, et al.
Published: (2024-09-01)

New‐onset atrial fibrillation in a young patient detected by smartwatch
by: Subhankar Samal, et al.
Published: (2020-07-01)

Heart disease detection using an acceleration-deceleration curve-based neural network with consumer-grade smartwatch data
by: Arman Naseri, et al.
Published: (2024-11-01)

Cybersecurity Analysis of Wearable Devices: Smartwatches Passive Attack
by: Alejandra Guadalupe Silva-Trujillo, et al.
Published: (2023-06-01)

Sensor Validation and Diagnostic Potential of Smartwatches in Movement Disorders
by: Julian Varghese, et al.
Published: (2021-04-01)

Physiological and Race Pace Characteristics of Medium and Low-Level Athens Marathon Runners
by: Aristides Myrkos, et al.
Published: (2020-08-01)

Data Labeling for Participatory Sensing Using Geature Recognition with Smartwatches
by: Luis A. González-Jasso, et al.
Published: (2018-10-01)

The Use of Electrocardiogram Smartwatches in Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electrical Devices
by: Marc Strik, et al.
Published: (2024-01-01)

Feasibility and Reliability of Smartwatch to Obtain Precordial Lead Electrocardiogram Recordings
by: Nora Sprenger, et al.
Published: (2022-02-01)

Scorpion Envenomation of Lactating Rats Decreases the Seizure Threshold in Offspring
by: Marina de Oliveira Rodrigues Barbosa, et al.
Published: (2021-11-01)

Garmin Fénix 7® Underestimates Performance at the Lactate Threshold in Comparison to Standardized Blood Lactate Field Test
by: Heiber M, et al.
Published: (2024-05-01)

Understanding Smartwatch Battery Utilization in the Wild
by: Morteza Homayounfar, et al.
Published: (2020-07-01)

Automatic and continuous blood pressure monitoring via an optical-fiber-sensor-assisted smartwatch
by: Liangye Li, et al.
Published: (2023-07-01)

Customer adoption of smartwatches – a privacy calculus perspective
by: Ajay Kumar, et al.
Published: (2025-04-01)

A Smartwatch Step Counter for Slow and Intermittent Ambulation
by: Vincenzo Genovese, et al.
Published: (2017-01-01)

Deep Transfer Learning Approach in Smartwatch-Based Fall Detection Systems
by: Alessandro Leone, et al.
Published: (2024-11-01)

Emotion Recognition Using PPG Signals of Smartwatch on Purpose of Threat Detection
by: Gyuwon Hwang, et al.
Published: (2024-12-01)

Feasibility and Reliability of SmartWatch to Obtain 3-Lead Electrocardiogram Recordings
by: Amirali Behzadi, et al.
Published: (2020-09-01)

Self-Reports in the Field Using Smartwatches: An Open-Source Firmware Solution
by: Selina Volsa, et al.
Published: (2022-03-01)

Predictive value of lactate levels for mortality in pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
by: Ziyun Hu, et al.
Published: (2025-06-01)

Perspetivas futuras na monitorização do ritmo cardíaco e a utilização de smartwatch
by: Carolina Araújo Soares, et al.
Published: (2021-12-01)

The Time of the Smartwatch: Taking Care or Wasting Time?
by: Letizia Zampino
Published: (2023-12-01)

Accuracy and interpretability of smartwatch electrocardiogram for early detection of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
by: Dr. Muhammad Iqhrammullah, et al.
Published: (2025-06-01)