Do We Need Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂) Nanoparticles in Face Masks?

The use of face masks has proven to be an effective preventive measure during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, concerns have emerged regarding the safety of metal (nano)particles incorporated into face masks for antimicrobial purposes. Specifically, this review examines the risks associated with TiO&...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Toxics
Main Authors:	Stijn Everaert, Lode Godderis, Jean-Marie Raquez, Greet Schoeters, Pieter Spanoghe, Jonas Moens, Luc Hens, Olivier Michel, Dirk Adang, Norbert Fraeyman
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Subjects:	inhalation exposure TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles human health face masks
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/4/244