Comparative analysis of empirical and deep learning models for ionospheric sporadic E layer prediction

Sporadic E (Es) layers in the ionosphere are characterized by intense plasma irregularities in the E region at altitudes of 90–130 km. Because they can significantly influence radio communications and navigation systems, accurate forecasting of Es layers is crucial for ensuring the precision and dep...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Earth and Planetary Physics
Main Authors:	BingKun Yu, PengHao Tian, XiangHui Xue, Christopher J. Scott, HaiLun Ye, JianFei Wu, Wen Yi, TingDi Chen, XianKang Dou
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Science Press 2025-01-01
Subjects:	ionospheric sporadic e layer radio occultation ionosondes numerical model deep learning model artificial intelligence
Online Access:	http://www.eppcgs.org/article/doi/10.26464/epp2024048?pageType=en