Experimental study on energy evolution and damage characteristics of unloading coal under cyclic loading

Abstract During deep coal mining, coal is often subjected to vertical cyclic loading and lateral unloading. Understanding the failure characteristics of coal under these combined mechanical conditions is essential for safe extraction. This study utilized the MTS816 system to conduct cyclic loading t...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Scientific Reports
Main Authors:	Peng Zou, Hao Fan, Huaiqian Liu, Kang Jin, Hao Zhong
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Subjects:	Cyclic loading Unloading coal Energy evolution Damage feature Fractal dimension
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01118-8