The detrimental impact of biofilm on ship fuel consumption and CO2 emissions

Biofilm presents a significant challenge in the maritime transport industry by increasing surface roughness, leading to higher fuel consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study employs a comprehensive lifecycle assessment (LCA) methodology to evaluate the environmental impact of biofou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Energy Conversion and Management: X
Main Authors:	Nastia Degiuli, Ivana Martić, Carlo Giorgio Grlj, Mingyang Zhang
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier 2025-10-01
Subjects:	Biofilm Fuel consumption CO2 emissions CFD RANS LCA
Online Access:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174525004283

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