Urinary antimicrobial peptides and cytokines as biomarkers for recurrent urinary tract infection in children and adolescents

BackgroundRecurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI) is a major diagnostic and clinical challenge. Dysregulated innate immune responses, including antimicrobial peptides and cytokines, may underlie UTI susceptibility. This study investigates whether urinary concentrations of antimicrobial peptides and...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Frontiers in Immunology
Main Authors:	Guillermo Yepes, Hancong Chloe Tang, Natalie Holdsworth, Kristin Salamon, Laura Schwartz, Christina Ching, Steve Rust, John David Spencer
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2026-06-01
Subjects:	antimicrobial peptides cytokines pediatrics regression model urinary tract infection
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1838231/full