Cost Modeling for Pickup and Delivery Outsourcing in CEP Operations: A Multidimensional Approach

<i>Background</i>: The growth of parcel volumes in urban areas, largely driven by e-commerce, has increased the complexity of pickup and delivery operations. To meet demands for cost efficiency, flexibility, and sustainability, CEP (Courier, Express, and Parcel) operators increasingly ou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Logistics
Main Authors:	Ermin Muharemović, Amel Kosovac, Muhamed Begović, Snežana Tadić, Mladen Krstić
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Subjects:	multidimensional cost modeling cost allocation model urban delivery optimization last-mile delivery cost transparency
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6290/9/3/96

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