Analysis of the analgesic mechanism of TENS-WAA in colonoscopy using the EEG-fNIRS system: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Introduction Colonoscopy is an essential procedure for the early diagnosis of colorectal conditions; however, over 60% of patients undergoing non-sedated colonoscopy report moderate to severe pain. This study aims to investigate the central analgesic mechanisms of transcutaneous electrical nerve sti...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	BMJ Open
Main Authors:	Hao Wang, Wei Wang, Han Wang, Siyu Guo, Lifan Xu, Xiaonan Huang, Fanfu Fang, Chuyue Gong, Cai Mengcheng
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	BMJ Publishing Group 2025-09-01
Online Access:	https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/9/e103681.full