Doctor of Philosophy
A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD or DPhil; or ) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the degree is most often abbreviated PhD (or, at times, as Ph.D. in North America), pronounced as three separate letters ( ).The abbreviation DPhil, for "Doctor of Philosophy", is used by the University of Oxford. Additionally, it was formerly used by the University of York and University of Sussex in the United Kingdom.
PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Since it is an earned research degree, those studying for a PhD are required to produce original research that expands the boundaries of knowledge, normally in the form of a dissertation, and, in some cases, defend their work before a panel of other experts in the field. The completion of a PhD is typically required for employment as a university professor, researcher, or scientist in many fields.
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101by Sultan N. Qasim FRCS (Tr & Orth), Ash Gulati MBBS, FRCS Orth. DPhil(Oxford)MBA, Edward G. Alcorn, Sara Venturini, Atul Gaur, Jitendra Mangwani MBBS, MS, FRCS (Tr&Orth)Get full text
Published 2016-08-01
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102by Annick Borquez, PhD, Leo Beletsky, JD, Bohdan Nosyk, PhD, Steffanie A Strathdee, ProfPhD, Alejandro Madrazo, ProfJSD, Daniela Abramovitz, MS, Claudia Rafful, PhD, Mario Morales, MA, Javier Cepeda, PhD, Dimitra Panagiotoglou, PhD, Emanuel Krebs, MA, Peter Vickerman, ProfDPhil, Marie Claude Boily, ProfPhD, Nicholas Thomson, PhD, Natasha K Martin, DPhilGet full text
Published 2018-09-01
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103by Baldeep S. Sidhu, PhD, Simon Claridge, PhD, Haotian Gu, PhD, Ye Li, PhD), Justin Gould, PhD, Bradley Porter, PhD, Mark K. Elliott, MBBS, Vishal Mehta, MBBS, Tom Jackson, PhD, Tiffany Patterson, PhD, Natalia Briceno, MBBS, Jack Lee, DPhil, Simon Redwood, MD, Shaumik Adhya, FHRS, Steven A. Niederer, DPhil, Phil Chowienczyk, BSc, Christopher A. Rinaldi, FHRSGet full text
Published 2021-08-01
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104by Ryan M. Ridenour MD, Christopher Kowalski MD, Djibril Ba, Guodong Liu DPhil, Jesse Bible MD, Matthew Garner, Douglas Leslie PhD, Tom Lloyd, Michael Aynardi MD, Aman Dhawan MDGet full text
Published 2019-10-01
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105by Joy R. Wright, PhD, Meera Chauhan, PhD, Chirag Shah, PhD, Alistair Ring, MD, Anne L. Thomas, PhD, Alison H. Goodall, PhD, David Adlam, DPhilGet full text
Published 2020-06-01
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106by Richard Meissner, DPhil, Nikki Funke, MA, Karen Nortje, MA, Inga Jacobs-Mata, PhD, Elliot Moyo, MA, Maronel Steyn, MSc, Justinus Shadung, MSc, Winile Masangane, BA, Ngowenani Nohayi, BAGet full text
Published 2018-05-01
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111by Adam Wagstaff, DPhil, Gabriela Flores, PhD, Justine Hsu, MSc, Marc-François Smitz, MSc, Kateryna Chepynoga, MA, Leander R Buisman, PhD, Kim van Wilgenburg, MSc, Patrick Eozenou, PhDGet full text
Published 2018-02-01
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112by Eleni Gourni PhD, Luigi Del Pozzo BSc, Mark Bartholomä PhD, Yvonne Kiefer BSc, Philipp T. Meyer MD, PhD, Helmut R. Maecke PhD, Jason P. Holland D.PhilGet full text
Published 2017-10-01
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113by Nurys B. Armas Rojas, MD, Ben Lacey, DPhil, Daniel Martin Simadibrata, MRes, Stephanie Ross, PhD, Patricia Varona-Pérez, MD, Julie Ann Burrett, PhD, Marcy Calderón Martínez, MD, Elba Lorenzo-Vázquez, MD, Sonia Bess Constantén, MD, Blake Thomson, DPhil, Paul Sherliker, BA, José Manuel Morales Rigau, MSc, Jennifer Carter, PhD, M. Sofia Massa, PhD, Osvaldo Jesús Hernández López, MSc, Nazrul Islam, PhD, Miguel Ángel Martínez Morales, MD, Ismell Alonso Alomá, MD, Fernando Achiong Estupiñan, MD, Mayda Díaz González, MD, Noel Rosquete Muñoz, MD, Marelis Cendra Asencio, MD, Jonathan Emberson, PhD, Richard Peto, FRS, Sarah Lewington, DPhilGet full text
Published 2021-03-01
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114by Peige Song, PhD, Diana Rudan, MD, Yajie Zhu, PhD, Freya J I Fowkes, ProfDPhil, Kazem Rahimi, ProfFRCP, F Gerald R Fowkes, ProfFRCPE, Igor Rudan, ProfFRSEGet full text
Published 2019-08-01
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120by Josephine G Walker, PhD, Tinatin Kuchuloria, MD, David Sergeenko, MD, Hannah Fraser, PhD, Aaron G Lim, DPhil, Shaun Shadaker, MPH, Liesl Hagan, MPH, Amiran Gamkrelidze, ProfPhD, Valeri Kvaratskhelia, MD, Lia Gvinjilia, MD, Malvina Aladashvili, MD, Alexander Asatiani, MD, Davit Baliashvili, MD, Maia Butsashvili, ProfPhD, Ivdity Chikovani, MD, Irma Khonelidze, MD, Irma Kirtadze, PhD, Mark H Kuniholm, PhD, David Otiashvili, PhD, Lali Sharvadze, PhD, Ketevan Stvilia, MD, Tengiz Tsertsvadze, ProfPhD, Mamuka Zakalashvili, MD, Matthew Hickman, PhD, Natasha K Martin, DPhil, Juliette Morgan, MD, Muazzam Nasrullah, PhD, Francisco Averhoff, MD, Peter Vickerman, ProfDPhilGet full text
Published 2020-02-01
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