Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors
| p = Sān huáng wǔ dì | w = San1 Huang2 Wu3 Ti4 | bpmf = ㄙㄢ ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄨˇ ㄉㄧˋ | tp = San huáng wǔ dì }}According to Chinese mythology and traditional Chinese historiography, the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors () were a series of sage rulers, and the first Emperors of China. Today, they are considered culture heroes, but they were widely worshipped as divine "ancestral spirits" in ancient times. According to received history, the period they existed in preceded the Xia dynasty, although they were thought to exist in later periods to an extent in incorporeal forms that aided the Chinese people, especially with the stories of Nüwa existing as a spirit in the Shang dynasty and Shennong being identified as the godly form of Hou Ji and a founder of the Zhou dynasty.
In myth, the Three Sovereigns were demigods who used their abilities to help create mankind and impart to them essential skills and knowledge. The Five Emperors were exemplary sages who possessed great moral character, and were from a golden age when "communications between the human order and the divine were central to all life" and where the sages embodied the divine, or aided humans in communicating divine forces.
In this period the abdication system was used before Qi of Xia violently seized power and established a hereditary monarchy. Provided by Wikipedia
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42by Yung-Jen Kung, Chang-Ching Wei, Liuh An Chen, Jiin Yi Chen, Ching-Yao Chang, Chao-Jen Lin, Yun-Ping Lim, Peng-Tai Tien, Hsuan-Ju Chen, Yong-San Huang, Hui-Ju Lin, Lei WanGet full text
Published 2017-01-01
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43by May-Jywan Tsai, Chi-Ting Huang, Yong-San Huang, Ching-Feng Weng, Song-Kun Shyue, Ming-Chao Huang, Dann-Ying Liou, Yan-Ru Lin, Chu-Hsun Cheng, Huai-Sheng Kuo, Yilo Lin, Meng-Jen Lee, Wen-Hung Huang, Wen-Cheng Huang, Henrich ChengGet full text
Published 2017-05-01
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