Peculiarities of energy metabolism enzymes activity in tissues of Black Sea molluscs of different mobility in norm and at pathology

• Main Author: I. V. Golovina
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: A. O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS 2016-03-01
• Series: Морской биологический журнал
• Subjects: lactate dehydrogenase; malate dehydrogenase; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Аnadara kagoshimensis; Rapana venosa; Flexopecten glaber ponticus
• Online Access: https://mbj.marine-research.org/article/view/2

One of the most important indicators of metabolism in molluscs is the activity of energy metabolism enzymes – lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, 1.1.1.27) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH, 1.1.1.37), consistently participating in adaptive reorganizations. The aim of this study was to compare the activity of energy metabolism enzymes in the tissues of Black Sea molluscs with different ecological and physiological characteristics. The objects of research were adult molluscs Mytilus galloprovincialis, Flexopecten glaber ponticus, Anadara kagoshimensis and Rapana venosa in the spawning period. Mussel shell length was 50–55 mm, anadara – 25–33 mm, rapa whelk – 50–80 mm, scallop – 35–54 mm. The enzyme activity was measured spectrophotometrically (at 340 nm and 25 °C) by the rate of NADH oxidation in the cytoplasm of tissues. The maximum activity of LDH and MDH from mussel, anadara and rapa whelk was found in muscle tissue, the minimum – in hepatopancreas. The level of MDH activity in the foot, adductor, gills and hepatopancreas of mussel and anadara, which are filter-feeders, significantly higher than LDH. The highest MDH activity was found in tissues of hypoxia-resistant clam anadara. The LDH and MDH activity in similar tissues of predatory rapa whelk was not substantially different. It was shown that LDH activity in hepatopancrease, gills and muscle tissue is proportional to the mobility of species and increases in the number of mussel – anadara – rapana. In the tissues of Flexopecten glaber ponticus, collected in the zone of water with the rice fields and affected perforators, tissue specificity of LDH and MDH activity was broken, the enzyme activity level lowered and did not match the natural mobility of the species. The health status of the Black Sea scallop, standing before the risk of extinction in the wild, has been discussed.