The effect of Leptomastix dactylopii parasitism and venom injection on host Planococcus citri
One of the major alterations observed in mealybug Planococcus citri parasitized by Leptomastix dactylopii is a strong reduction of laid eggs, which is evident soon after parasitization. Venom injection in unparasitized hosts determines a drastic reduction of fecundity indicating that this female sec...
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University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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doaj-00d024e09a774bb6ae47386baa8805072020-11-25T03:21:57ZengUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaInvertebrate Survival Journal1824-307X2014-10-0111273285The effect of Leptomastix dactylopii parasitism and venom injection on host Planococcus citriD Battaglia0T Colella1S Laurino2G Grossi3R Salvia4L Riviello5A Grimaldi6T Congiu7M de Eguileor8P Falabella9Università della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, 85100 Potenza, ItalyUniversità della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, 85100 Potenza, ItalyUniversità della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, 85100 Potenza, ItalyUniversità della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, 85100 Potenza, ItalyUniversità della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, 85100 Potenza, ItalyUniversità della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, 85100 Potenza, ItalyUniversità dell’Insubria, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, 21100 Varese, ItalyUniversità dell’Insubria, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche, 21100 Varese, ItalyUniversità dell’Insubria, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, 21100 Varese, ItalyUniversità della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, 85100 Potenza, ItalyOne of the major alterations observed in mealybug Planococcus citri parasitized by Leptomastix dactylopii is a strong reduction of laid eggs, which is evident soon after parasitization. Venom injection in unparasitized hosts determines a drastic reduction of fecundity indicating that this female secretion injected at the oviposition plays a key-role in host regulation. In order to assess the impact of parasitism and venom injection on host reproductive tissues, ovaries were dissected at different time intervals after these treatments and observed by light and transmission electron microscopy. The developing eggs showed clear symptoms of degeneration, already half an hour after parasitization or venom injection. Heat and protease treatments of venom nearly suppressed its effects on host reproduction, indicating that proteins are likely responsible for the observed alterations. The electrophoretic profile of venom proteins covers a wide range of molecular masses between 15 to 200 kDa but five major bands having a molecular mass of about 27, 30, 40, 90 and 120 kDa respectively were more evident. Moreover, to establish any parasitoid preference in host selection, among the adult female mealybugs at different stages of maturation and a possible relation with fecundity reduction in the host, the parasitoid behavior was observed.http://www.isj.unimo.it/articoli/ISJ350.pdfparasitoid wasp; venom proteins; Hymenoptera; Homoptera; microinjections |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
D Battaglia T Colella S Laurino G Grossi R Salvia L Riviello A Grimaldi T Congiu M de Eguileor P Falabella |
spellingShingle |
D Battaglia T Colella S Laurino G Grossi R Salvia L Riviello A Grimaldi T Congiu M de Eguileor P Falabella The effect of Leptomastix dactylopii parasitism and venom injection on host Planococcus citri Invertebrate Survival Journal parasitoid wasp; venom proteins; Hymenoptera; Homoptera; microinjections |
author_facet |
D Battaglia T Colella S Laurino G Grossi R Salvia L Riviello A Grimaldi T Congiu M de Eguileor P Falabella |
author_sort |
D Battaglia |
title |
The effect of Leptomastix dactylopii parasitism and venom injection on host Planococcus citri |
title_short |
The effect of Leptomastix dactylopii parasitism and venom injection on host Planococcus citri |
title_full |
The effect of Leptomastix dactylopii parasitism and venom injection on host Planococcus citri |
title_fullStr |
The effect of Leptomastix dactylopii parasitism and venom injection on host Planococcus citri |
title_full_unstemmed |
The effect of Leptomastix dactylopii parasitism and venom injection on host Planococcus citri |
title_sort |
effect of leptomastix dactylopii parasitism and venom injection on host planococcus citri |
publisher |
University of Modena and Reggio Emilia |
series |
Invertebrate Survival Journal |
issn |
1824-307X |
publishDate |
2014-10-01 |
description |
One of the major alterations observed in mealybug Planococcus citri parasitized by Leptomastix dactylopii is a strong reduction of laid eggs, which is evident soon after parasitization. Venom injection in unparasitized hosts determines a drastic reduction of fecundity indicating that this female secretion injected at the oviposition plays a key-role in host regulation. In order to assess the impact of parasitism and venom injection on host reproductive tissues, ovaries were dissected at different time intervals after these treatments and observed by light and transmission electron microscopy. The developing eggs showed clear symptoms of degeneration, already half an hour after parasitization or venom injection. Heat and protease treatments of venom nearly suppressed its effects on host reproduction, indicating that proteins are likely responsible for the observed alterations. The electrophoretic profile of venom proteins covers a wide range of molecular masses between 15 to 200 kDa but five major bands having a molecular mass of about 27, 30, 40, 90 and 120 kDa respectively were more evident. Moreover, to establish any parasitoid preference in host selection, among the adult female mealybugs at different stages of maturation and a possible relation with fecundity reduction in the host, the parasitoid behavior was observed. |
topic |
parasitoid wasp; venom proteins; Hymenoptera; Homoptera; microinjections |
url |
http://www.isj.unimo.it/articoli/ISJ350.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
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