Halloysite Nanotubes and Silane-Treated Alumina Trihydrate Hybrid Flame Retardant System for High-Performance Cable Insulation
The effect of the presence of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and silane-treated alumina trihydrate (ATH-sil) nanofillers on the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardancy properties of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) blends was investigated. Different weight percen...
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2021-06-01
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doaj-01051403878d4403bb031c7ceaeee0412021-07-15T15:43:40ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-06-01132134213410.3390/polym13132134Halloysite Nanotubes and Silane-Treated Alumina Trihydrate Hybrid Flame Retardant System for High-Performance Cable InsulationSandra Paszkiewicz0Izabela Irska1Iman Taraghi2Elżbieta Piesowicz3Jakub Sieminski4Karolina Zawisza5Krzysztof Pypeć6Renata Dobrzynska7Agnieszka Terelak-Tymczyna8Kamil Stateczny9Bartłomiej Szymczak10Department of Materials Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Av. 19, PL-70310 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Materials Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Av. 19, PL-70310 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Materials Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Av. 19, PL-70310 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Materials Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Av. 19, PL-70310 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Materials Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Av. 19, PL-70310 Szczecin, PolandTELE-FONIKA Kable S.A., Cegielskiego 1, PL-32400 Myślenice, PolandDepartment of Materials Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Av. 19, PL-70310 Szczecin, PolandMaterials Fire Properties Testing Laboratory, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Av. 41, PL-71065 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Production Management, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Av. 19, PL-70310 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Production Management, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Av. 19, PL-70310 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Av. 19, PL-70310 Szczecin, PolandThe effect of the presence of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and silane-treated alumina trihydrate (ATH-sil) nanofillers on the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardancy properties of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) blends was investigated. Different weight percentages of HNT and ATH-sil nanoparticles, as well as the hybrid system of those nanofillers, were melt mixed with the polymer blend (reference sample) using a twin-screw extruder. The morphology of the nanoparticles and polymer compositions was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The mechanical properties, hardness, water absorption, and melt flow index (MFI) of the compositions were assessed. The tensile strength increases as a function of the amount of HNT nanofiller; however, the elongation at break decreases. In the case of the hybrid system of nanofillers, the compositions showed superior mechanical properties. The thermal properties of the reference sample and those of the corresponding sample with nanofiller blends were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Two peaks were observed in the melting and crystallization temperatures. This shows that the EVA/LDPE is an immiscible polymer blend. The thermal stability of the blends was improved by the presence of HNTs and ATH-sil nanoparticles. Thermal degradation temperatures were shifted to higher values by the presence of hybrid nanofillers. Finally, the flammability of the compositions was assessed. Flammability as reflected by the limiting oxygen index (OI) was increased by the presence of HNT and ATH-sil nanofiller and a hybrid system of the nanoparticles.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/13/2134flame retardation of polymersgreen flame retardants for polymerspolymers for electrical cablescable insulationhalloysite nanotubessilane-treated ATH |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sandra Paszkiewicz Izabela Irska Iman Taraghi Elżbieta Piesowicz Jakub Sieminski Karolina Zawisza Krzysztof Pypeć Renata Dobrzynska Agnieszka Terelak-Tymczyna Kamil Stateczny Bartłomiej Szymczak |
spellingShingle |
Sandra Paszkiewicz Izabela Irska Iman Taraghi Elżbieta Piesowicz Jakub Sieminski Karolina Zawisza Krzysztof Pypeć Renata Dobrzynska Agnieszka Terelak-Tymczyna Kamil Stateczny Bartłomiej Szymczak Halloysite Nanotubes and Silane-Treated Alumina Trihydrate Hybrid Flame Retardant System for High-Performance Cable Insulation Polymers flame retardation of polymers green flame retardants for polymers polymers for electrical cables cable insulation halloysite nanotubes silane-treated ATH |
author_facet |
Sandra Paszkiewicz Izabela Irska Iman Taraghi Elżbieta Piesowicz Jakub Sieminski Karolina Zawisza Krzysztof Pypeć Renata Dobrzynska Agnieszka Terelak-Tymczyna Kamil Stateczny Bartłomiej Szymczak |
author_sort |
Sandra Paszkiewicz |
title |
Halloysite Nanotubes and Silane-Treated Alumina Trihydrate Hybrid Flame Retardant System for High-Performance Cable Insulation |
title_short |
Halloysite Nanotubes and Silane-Treated Alumina Trihydrate Hybrid Flame Retardant System for High-Performance Cable Insulation |
title_full |
Halloysite Nanotubes and Silane-Treated Alumina Trihydrate Hybrid Flame Retardant System for High-Performance Cable Insulation |
title_fullStr |
Halloysite Nanotubes and Silane-Treated Alumina Trihydrate Hybrid Flame Retardant System for High-Performance Cable Insulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Halloysite Nanotubes and Silane-Treated Alumina Trihydrate Hybrid Flame Retardant System for High-Performance Cable Insulation |
title_sort |
halloysite nanotubes and silane-treated alumina trihydrate hybrid flame retardant system for high-performance cable insulation |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Polymers |
issn |
2073-4360 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
The effect of the presence of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and silane-treated alumina trihydrate (ATH-sil) nanofillers on the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardancy properties of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) blends was investigated. Different weight percentages of HNT and ATH-sil nanoparticles, as well as the hybrid system of those nanofillers, were melt mixed with the polymer blend (reference sample) using a twin-screw extruder. The morphology of the nanoparticles and polymer compositions was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The mechanical properties, hardness, water absorption, and melt flow index (MFI) of the compositions were assessed. The tensile strength increases as a function of the amount of HNT nanofiller; however, the elongation at break decreases. In the case of the hybrid system of nanofillers, the compositions showed superior mechanical properties. The thermal properties of the reference sample and those of the corresponding sample with nanofiller blends were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Two peaks were observed in the melting and crystallization temperatures. This shows that the EVA/LDPE is an immiscible polymer blend. The thermal stability of the blends was improved by the presence of HNTs and ATH-sil nanoparticles. Thermal degradation temperatures were shifted to higher values by the presence of hybrid nanofillers. Finally, the flammability of the compositions was assessed. Flammability as reflected by the limiting oxygen index (OI) was increased by the presence of HNT and ATH-sil nanofiller and a hybrid system of the nanoparticles. |
topic |
flame retardation of polymers green flame retardants for polymers polymers for electrical cables cable insulation halloysite nanotubes silane-treated ATH |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/13/2134 |
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