The global impact of the transport sectors on atmospheric aerosol in 2030 – Part 1: Land transport and shipping
Using the EMAC (ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry) global climate-chemistry model coupled to the aerosol module MADE (Modal Aerosol Dynamics model for Europe, adapted for global applications), we simulate the impact of land transport and shipping emissions on global atmospheric aerosol and clima...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/633/2015/acp-15-633-2015.pdf |
| Summary: | Using the EMAC (ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry) global climate-chemistry model coupled to the aerosol
module MADE (Modal Aerosol Dynamics model for Europe, adapted for global applications), we simulate the impact of land transport and shipping
emissions on global atmospheric aerosol and climate in 2030. Future
emissions of short-lived gas and aerosol species follow the four
Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) designed in support of
the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change. We compare the resulting 2030 land-transport- and
shipping-induced aerosol concentrations to the ones obtained for the
year 2000 in a previous study with the same model configuration. The
simulations suggest that black carbon and aerosol nitrate are the
most relevant pollutants from land transport in 2000 and 2030 and
their impacts are characterized by very strong regional variations
during this time period. Europe and North America experience
a decrease in the land-transport-induced particle pollution,
although in these regions this sector remains a major source of
surface-level pollution in 2030 under all RCPs. In Southeast Asia,
however, a significant increase is simulated, but in this
region the surface-level pollution is still controlled by other
sources than land transport. Shipping-induced air pollution is
mostly due to aerosol sulfate and nitrate, which show opposite
trends towards 2030. Sulfate is strongly reduced as a consequence of
sulfur reduction policies in ship fuels in force since 2010, while
nitrate tends to increase due to the excess of ammonia following the
reduction in ammonium sulfate. The aerosol-induced climate impact of
both sectors is dominated by aerosol-cloud effects and is projected
to decrease between 2000 and 2030, nevertheless still contributing
a significant radiative forcing to Earth's radiation budget. |
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| ISSN: | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |