Genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells in adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate: a case report
Abstract Background Adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate (ASCP) is an extremely rare and aggressive prostate cancer variant, whose genomic characteristics have not been elucidated. Although liquid biopsy of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is an emerging topic in oncology, no study has assessed CTC...
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doaj-014519cf57c84e1a852be4509d307a772021-09-05T11:15:57ZengBMCBMC Medical Genomics1755-87942021-09-011411610.1186/s12920-021-01068-wGenomic analysis of circulating tumor cells in adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate: a case reportJunji Kitamura0Satoru Taguchi1Takatsugu Okegawa2Kazuki Honda3Toshihiko Kii4Yoshihiro Tomida5Ryuki Matsumoto6Naoki Ninomiya7Kazuki Masuda8Yu Nakamura9Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi10Manami Kinjo11Mitsuhiro Tambo12Aya Isomura13Akimasa Hayashi14Hiroshi Kamma15Eiji Higashihara16Junji Shibahara17Hiroshi Fukuhara18Department of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Pathology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Pathology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Pathology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of ADPKD Research, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Pathology, Kyorin University School of MedicineDepartment of Urology, Kyorin University School of MedicineAbstract Background Adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate (ASCP) is an extremely rare and aggressive prostate cancer variant, whose genomic characteristics have not been elucidated. Although liquid biopsy of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is an emerging topic in oncology, no study has assessed CTCs in patients with ASCP. Case presentation. A 76-year-old man presented with discomfort in his urethra. His prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 13.37 ng/mL. A computed tomography (CT) scan indicated a prostate mass with multiple lymph node and lung metastases. The patient underwent transurethral resection of the prostate and prostatic needle biopsy; both specimens demonstrated Gleason grade group 5 acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Bone scintigraphy indicated bone metastasis in the ischium. Combined androgen blockade was implemented, and his serum PSA level rapidly decreased to 0.01 ng/mL. However, a CT scan 6 months after the initial diagnosis revealed worsening of the disease. The patient therefore underwent repeated prostatic needle biopsy; its specimen demonstrated prostatic adenocarcinoma together with squamous carcinoma components. As immunohistochemical analyses showed the tumor cells to be negative for CD56, chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and PSA, the definitive diagnosis was ASCP. Although the patient underwent chemotherapy (docetaxel and cabazitaxel), he died of the disease 3 months after the diagnosis of ASCP, or 13 months after the initial diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. His PSA values remained ≤ 0.2 ng/mL. CTCs from the patient’s blood (collected before starting docetaxel) were analyzed and genomically assessed. It showed 5 cytokeratin (CK)+ CTCs, 14 CK− CTCs, and 8 CTC clusters, per 10 mL. Next-generation sequencing identified a total of 14 mutations in 8 oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes: PIK3CB, APC, CDKN2A, PTEN, BRCA2, RB1, TP53, and CDK12. Of 14 mutations, 9 (64%) were detected on CK− CTCs and 5 (36%) were detected on CK+ CTCs. Conclusions This is the first report of CTC analysis and genomic assessment in ASCP. Although the prognosis of ASCP is dismal due to lack of effective treatment, genomic analysis of CTCs might lead to effective treatment options and improved survival.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12920-021-01068-wAdenosquamous carcinomaCase reportCirculating tumor cellLiquid biopsyProstate cancer |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Junji Kitamura Satoru Taguchi Takatsugu Okegawa Kazuki Honda Toshihiko Kii Yoshihiro Tomida Ryuki Matsumoto Naoki Ninomiya Kazuki Masuda Yu Nakamura Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi Manami Kinjo Mitsuhiro Tambo Aya Isomura Akimasa Hayashi Hiroshi Kamma Eiji Higashihara Junji Shibahara Hiroshi Fukuhara |
spellingShingle |
Junji Kitamura Satoru Taguchi Takatsugu Okegawa Kazuki Honda Toshihiko Kii Yoshihiro Tomida Ryuki Matsumoto Naoki Ninomiya Kazuki Masuda Yu Nakamura Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi Manami Kinjo Mitsuhiro Tambo Aya Isomura Akimasa Hayashi Hiroshi Kamma Eiji Higashihara Junji Shibahara Hiroshi Fukuhara Genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells in adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate: a case report BMC Medical Genomics Adenosquamous carcinoma Case report Circulating tumor cell Liquid biopsy Prostate cancer |
author_facet |
Junji Kitamura Satoru Taguchi Takatsugu Okegawa Kazuki Honda Toshihiko Kii Yoshihiro Tomida Ryuki Matsumoto Naoki Ninomiya Kazuki Masuda Yu Nakamura Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi Manami Kinjo Mitsuhiro Tambo Aya Isomura Akimasa Hayashi Hiroshi Kamma Eiji Higashihara Junji Shibahara Hiroshi Fukuhara |
author_sort |
Junji Kitamura |
title |
Genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells in adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate: a case report |
title_short |
Genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells in adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate: a case report |
title_full |
Genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells in adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate: a case report |
title_fullStr |
Genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells in adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate: a case report |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells in adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate: a case report |
title_sort |
genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells in adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate: a case report |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Medical Genomics |
issn |
1755-8794 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate (ASCP) is an extremely rare and aggressive prostate cancer variant, whose genomic characteristics have not been elucidated. Although liquid biopsy of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is an emerging topic in oncology, no study has assessed CTCs in patients with ASCP. Case presentation. A 76-year-old man presented with discomfort in his urethra. His prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 13.37 ng/mL. A computed tomography (CT) scan indicated a prostate mass with multiple lymph node and lung metastases. The patient underwent transurethral resection of the prostate and prostatic needle biopsy; both specimens demonstrated Gleason grade group 5 acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Bone scintigraphy indicated bone metastasis in the ischium. Combined androgen blockade was implemented, and his serum PSA level rapidly decreased to 0.01 ng/mL. However, a CT scan 6 months after the initial diagnosis revealed worsening of the disease. The patient therefore underwent repeated prostatic needle biopsy; its specimen demonstrated prostatic adenocarcinoma together with squamous carcinoma components. As immunohistochemical analyses showed the tumor cells to be negative for CD56, chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and PSA, the definitive diagnosis was ASCP. Although the patient underwent chemotherapy (docetaxel and cabazitaxel), he died of the disease 3 months after the diagnosis of ASCP, or 13 months after the initial diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. His PSA values remained ≤ 0.2 ng/mL. CTCs from the patient’s blood (collected before starting docetaxel) were analyzed and genomically assessed. It showed 5 cytokeratin (CK)+ CTCs, 14 CK− CTCs, and 8 CTC clusters, per 10 mL. Next-generation sequencing identified a total of 14 mutations in 8 oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes: PIK3CB, APC, CDKN2A, PTEN, BRCA2, RB1, TP53, and CDK12. Of 14 mutations, 9 (64%) were detected on CK− CTCs and 5 (36%) were detected on CK+ CTCs. Conclusions This is the first report of CTC analysis and genomic assessment in ASCP. Although the prognosis of ASCP is dismal due to lack of effective treatment, genomic analysis of CTCs might lead to effective treatment options and improved survival. |
topic |
Adenosquamous carcinoma Case report Circulating tumor cell Liquid biopsy Prostate cancer |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12920-021-01068-w |
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