Molecular Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses H5N6 Detected in Denmark in 2018–2019
Beginning in late 2017, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N6 viruses caused outbreaks in wild birds and poultry in several European countries. H5N6 viruses were detected in 43 wild birds found dead throughout Denmark. Most of the Danish virus-positive dead birds were found in the period fro...
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doaj-01e000562a6d445b9d1196c4f49d3fc32021-06-30T23:06:50ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152021-06-01131052105210.3390/v13061052Molecular Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses H5N6 Detected in Denmark in 2018–2019Yuan Liang0Jesper Schak Krog1Pia Ryt-Hansen2Anders Gorm Pedersen3Lise Kirstine Kvisgaard4Elisabeth Holm5Pernille Dahl Nielsen6Anne Sofie Hammer7Jesper Johannes Madsen8Kasper Thorup9Lars Erik Larsen10Charlotte Kristiane Hjulsager11Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, DenmarkDepartment of Virus and Microbiological Special Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, DenmarkDTU Health Tech, Bioinformatics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, DenmarkDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, DenmarkDepartment of Virus and Microbiological Special Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkAnimal Health Division, Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, 2600 Glostrup, DenmarkDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, DenmarkNatural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, DenmarkGLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, DenmarkDepartment of Virus and Microbiological Special Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkBeginning in late 2017, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N6 viruses caused outbreaks in wild birds and poultry in several European countries. H5N6 viruses were detected in 43 wild birds found dead throughout Denmark. Most of the Danish virus-positive dead birds were found in the period from February to April 2018. However, unlike the rest of Europe, sporadic HPAI H5N6-positive dead wild birds were detected in Denmark in July, August, September, and December 2018, with the last positive bird being found in January 2019. HPAI viruses were not detected in active surveillance of apparently healthy wild birds. In this study, we use full genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to investigate the wild bird HPAI H5N6 viruses found in Denmark. The Danish viruses were found to be closely related to those of contemporary HPAI H5N6 viruses detected in Europe. Their sequences formed two clusters indicating that at least two or more introductions of H5N6 into Denmark occurred. Notably, all viruses detected in the latter half of 2018 and in 2019 grouped into the same cluster. The H5N6 viruses appeared to have been maintained undetected in the autumn 2018.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/6/1052influenza A virusH5N6 subtypehighly pathogenic avian influenzabirdswildEuropa |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yuan Liang Jesper Schak Krog Pia Ryt-Hansen Anders Gorm Pedersen Lise Kirstine Kvisgaard Elisabeth Holm Pernille Dahl Nielsen Anne Sofie Hammer Jesper Johannes Madsen Kasper Thorup Lars Erik Larsen Charlotte Kristiane Hjulsager |
spellingShingle |
Yuan Liang Jesper Schak Krog Pia Ryt-Hansen Anders Gorm Pedersen Lise Kirstine Kvisgaard Elisabeth Holm Pernille Dahl Nielsen Anne Sofie Hammer Jesper Johannes Madsen Kasper Thorup Lars Erik Larsen Charlotte Kristiane Hjulsager Molecular Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses H5N6 Detected in Denmark in 2018–2019 Viruses influenza A virus H5N6 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza birds wild Europa |
author_facet |
Yuan Liang Jesper Schak Krog Pia Ryt-Hansen Anders Gorm Pedersen Lise Kirstine Kvisgaard Elisabeth Holm Pernille Dahl Nielsen Anne Sofie Hammer Jesper Johannes Madsen Kasper Thorup Lars Erik Larsen Charlotte Kristiane Hjulsager |
author_sort |
Yuan Liang |
title |
Molecular Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses H5N6 Detected in Denmark in 2018–2019 |
title_short |
Molecular Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses H5N6 Detected in Denmark in 2018–2019 |
title_full |
Molecular Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses H5N6 Detected in Denmark in 2018–2019 |
title_fullStr |
Molecular Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses H5N6 Detected in Denmark in 2018–2019 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Molecular Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses H5N6 Detected in Denmark in 2018–2019 |
title_sort |
molecular characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses h5n6 detected in denmark in 2018–2019 |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Viruses |
issn |
1999-4915 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Beginning in late 2017, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N6 viruses caused outbreaks in wild birds and poultry in several European countries. H5N6 viruses were detected in 43 wild birds found dead throughout Denmark. Most of the Danish virus-positive dead birds were found in the period from February to April 2018. However, unlike the rest of Europe, sporadic HPAI H5N6-positive dead wild birds were detected in Denmark in July, August, September, and December 2018, with the last positive bird being found in January 2019. HPAI viruses were not detected in active surveillance of apparently healthy wild birds. In this study, we use full genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to investigate the wild bird HPAI H5N6 viruses found in Denmark. The Danish viruses were found to be closely related to those of contemporary HPAI H5N6 viruses detected in Europe. Their sequences formed two clusters indicating that at least two or more introductions of H5N6 into Denmark occurred. Notably, all viruses detected in the latter half of 2018 and in 2019 grouped into the same cluster. The H5N6 viruses appeared to have been maintained undetected in the autumn 2018. |
topic |
influenza A virus H5N6 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza birds wild Europa |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/6/1052 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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