Regulation of L-proline biosynthesis, signal transduction, transport, accumulation and its vital role in plants during variable environmental conditions

• Main Authors: Mukesh Meena, Kumari Divyanshu, Sunil Kumar, Prashant Swapnil, Andleeb Zehra, Vaishali Shukla, Mukesh Yadav, R.S. Upadhyay
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2019-12-01
• Series: Heliyon
• Subjects: L-proline; Osmoprotectant; Environmental stresses; Cellular mechanisms; Signal transduction; Biochemistry
• Online Access: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844019366113

Background: In response to various environmental stresses, many plant species synthesize L-proline in the cytosol and accumulates in the chloroplasts. L-Proline accumulation in plants is a well-recognized physiological reaction to osmotic stress prompted by salinity, drought and other abiotic stresses. L-Proline plays several protective functions such as osmoprotectant, stabilizing cellular structures, enzymes, and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and keeps up redox balance in adverse situations. In addition, ample-studied osmoprotective capacity, L-proline has been also ensnared in the regulation of plant improvement, including flowering, pollen, embryo, and leaf enlargement. Scope and conclusions: Albeit, ample is now well-known about L-proline metabolism, but certain characteristics of its biological roles are still indistinct. In the present review, we discuss the L-proline accumulation, metabolism, signaling, transport and regulation in the plants. We also discuss the effects of exogenous L-proline during different environmental conditions. L-Proline biosynthesis and catabolism are controlled by several cellular mechanisms, of which we identify only very fewer mechanisms. So, in the future, there is a requirement to identify such types of cellular mechanisms.