Preliminary Validation of a Continuum Model for Dimple Patterns on Polyethylene Naphthalate via Ar Ion Beam Sputtering
This work reports the self-organization of dimple nanostructures on a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) surface where an Ar ion beam was irradiated at an ion energy of 600 eV. The peak-to-peak roughness and diameter of dimple nanostructures were 29.1~53.4 nm and 63.4~77.6 nm, respectively. The electron...
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doaj-03fc6f7ca32948efac3e20f8f124a3542021-06-30T23:51:49ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-06-01131932193210.3390/polym13121932Preliminary Validation of a Continuum Model for Dimple Patterns on Polyethylene Naphthalate via Ar Ion Beam SputteringJun-Yeong Yang0Sunghoon Jung1Eun-Yeon Byeon2Hyun Hwi Lee3Do-Geun Kim4Hyo Jung Kim5Ho Won Jang6Seunghun Lee7Department of Nano-Bio Convergence, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondae-ro, Changwon 51508, KoreaDepartment of Nano-Bio Convergence, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondae-ro, Changwon 51508, KoreaDepartment of Nano-Bio Convergence, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondae-ro, Changwon 51508, KoreaPohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, KoreaDepartment of Nano-Bio Convergence, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondae-ro, Changwon 51508, KoreaDepartment of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaDepartment of Nano-Bio Convergence, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondae-ro, Changwon 51508, KoreaThis work reports the self-organization of dimple nanostructures on a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) surface where an Ar ion beam was irradiated at an ion energy of 600 eV. The peak-to-peak roughness and diameter of dimple nanostructures were 29.1~53.4 nm and 63.4~77.6 nm, respectively. The electron energy loss spectrum at the peaks and troughs of dimples showed similar C=C, C=O, and O=CH bonding statuses. In addition, wide-angle X-ray scattering showed that Ar ion beam irradiation did not induce crystallization of the PEN surface. That meant that the self-organization on the PEN surface could be due to the ion-induced surface instability of the amorphous layer and not due to the partial crystallinity differences of the peaks and valleys. A nonlinear continuum model described surface instability due to Ar ion-induced sputtering. The Kuramoto–Sivashinsky model reproduced the dimple morphologies numerically, which was similar to the experimentally observed dimple patterns. This preliminary validation showed the possibility that the continuum equation used for metal and semiconductor surfaces could be applied to polymer surfaces where ion beam sputtering occurred.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/12/1932ion beam sputteringpolymercontinuum equation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jun-Yeong Yang Sunghoon Jung Eun-Yeon Byeon Hyun Hwi Lee Do-Geun Kim Hyo Jung Kim Ho Won Jang Seunghun Lee |
spellingShingle |
Jun-Yeong Yang Sunghoon Jung Eun-Yeon Byeon Hyun Hwi Lee Do-Geun Kim Hyo Jung Kim Ho Won Jang Seunghun Lee Preliminary Validation of a Continuum Model for Dimple Patterns on Polyethylene Naphthalate via Ar Ion Beam Sputtering Polymers ion beam sputtering polymer continuum equation |
author_facet |
Jun-Yeong Yang Sunghoon Jung Eun-Yeon Byeon Hyun Hwi Lee Do-Geun Kim Hyo Jung Kim Ho Won Jang Seunghun Lee |
author_sort |
Jun-Yeong Yang |
title |
Preliminary Validation of a Continuum Model for Dimple Patterns on Polyethylene Naphthalate via Ar Ion Beam Sputtering |
title_short |
Preliminary Validation of a Continuum Model for Dimple Patterns on Polyethylene Naphthalate via Ar Ion Beam Sputtering |
title_full |
Preliminary Validation of a Continuum Model for Dimple Patterns on Polyethylene Naphthalate via Ar Ion Beam Sputtering |
title_fullStr |
Preliminary Validation of a Continuum Model for Dimple Patterns on Polyethylene Naphthalate via Ar Ion Beam Sputtering |
title_full_unstemmed |
Preliminary Validation of a Continuum Model for Dimple Patterns on Polyethylene Naphthalate via Ar Ion Beam Sputtering |
title_sort |
preliminary validation of a continuum model for dimple patterns on polyethylene naphthalate via ar ion beam sputtering |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Polymers |
issn |
2073-4360 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
This work reports the self-organization of dimple nanostructures on a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) surface where an Ar ion beam was irradiated at an ion energy of 600 eV. The peak-to-peak roughness and diameter of dimple nanostructures were 29.1~53.4 nm and 63.4~77.6 nm, respectively. The electron energy loss spectrum at the peaks and troughs of dimples showed similar C=C, C=O, and O=CH bonding statuses. In addition, wide-angle X-ray scattering showed that Ar ion beam irradiation did not induce crystallization of the PEN surface. That meant that the self-organization on the PEN surface could be due to the ion-induced surface instability of the amorphous layer and not due to the partial crystallinity differences of the peaks and valleys. A nonlinear continuum model described surface instability due to Ar ion-induced sputtering. The Kuramoto–Sivashinsky model reproduced the dimple morphologies numerically, which was similar to the experimentally observed dimple patterns. This preliminary validation showed the possibility that the continuum equation used for metal and semiconductor surfaces could be applied to polymer surfaces where ion beam sputtering occurred. |
topic |
ion beam sputtering polymer continuum equation |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/12/1932 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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