Carbonic anhydrase modulation of emotional memory. Implications for the treatment of cognitive disorders
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes which use CO2 as substrate, catalysing its interconversion to bicarbonate and a proton. In humans 15 CAs are expressed, 12 of which are catalytically active: the cytosolic CA I-III, VII, XIII, the membrane-bound CA IV, the mitochondrial CA VA...
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doaj-048eedad51284c9cad6e36ce9f32f2562021-07-15T13:10:32ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry1475-63661475-63742020-01-013511206121410.1080/14756366.2020.17664551766455Carbonic anhydrase modulation of emotional memory. Implications for the treatment of cognitive disordersPatrizio Blandina0Gustavo Provensi1Maria Beatrice Passani2Clemente Capasso3Claudiu T. Supuran4Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of FlorenceDepartment of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of FlorenceDepartment of Health Science, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of FlorenceDepartment of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR, Institute of Biosciences and BioresourcesDepartment of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical SciencesCarbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes which use CO2 as substrate, catalysing its interconversion to bicarbonate and a proton. In humans 15 CAs are expressed, 12 of which are catalytically active: the cytosolic CA I-III, VII, XIII, the membrane-bound CA IV, the mitochondrial CA VA and VB, the secreted CA VI, and the transmembrane CA IX, XII, XIV. Nine isoforms are present in the mammalian brain. Evidence supporting that CA inhibitors impair memory in humans has come from studies on topiramate and acetazolamide during acute high-altitude exposure. In contrast, administration of CA activators in animal models enhances memory and learning. Here we review the involvement of selective CA inhibition/activation in cognition-related disorders. CAs may represent a crucial family of new targets for improving cognition as well as in therapeutic areas, such as phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalised anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorders, for which few efficient therapies are available.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14756366.2020.1766455carbonic anhydrasecognition-related disordersca isoformsca inhibitorsca activators |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Patrizio Blandina Gustavo Provensi Maria Beatrice Passani Clemente Capasso Claudiu T. Supuran |
spellingShingle |
Patrizio Blandina Gustavo Provensi Maria Beatrice Passani Clemente Capasso Claudiu T. Supuran Carbonic anhydrase modulation of emotional memory. Implications for the treatment of cognitive disorders Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry carbonic anhydrase cognition-related disorders ca isoforms ca inhibitors ca activators |
author_facet |
Patrizio Blandina Gustavo Provensi Maria Beatrice Passani Clemente Capasso Claudiu T. Supuran |
author_sort |
Patrizio Blandina |
title |
Carbonic anhydrase modulation of emotional memory. Implications for the treatment of cognitive disorders |
title_short |
Carbonic anhydrase modulation of emotional memory. Implications for the treatment of cognitive disorders |
title_full |
Carbonic anhydrase modulation of emotional memory. Implications for the treatment of cognitive disorders |
title_fullStr |
Carbonic anhydrase modulation of emotional memory. Implications for the treatment of cognitive disorders |
title_full_unstemmed |
Carbonic anhydrase modulation of emotional memory. Implications for the treatment of cognitive disorders |
title_sort |
carbonic anhydrase modulation of emotional memory. implications for the treatment of cognitive disorders |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis Group |
series |
Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry |
issn |
1475-6366 1475-6374 |
publishDate |
2020-01-01 |
description |
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes which use CO2 as substrate, catalysing its interconversion to bicarbonate and a proton. In humans 15 CAs are expressed, 12 of which are catalytically active: the cytosolic CA I-III, VII, XIII, the membrane-bound CA IV, the mitochondrial CA VA and VB, the secreted CA VI, and the transmembrane CA IX, XII, XIV. Nine isoforms are present in the mammalian brain. Evidence supporting that CA inhibitors impair memory in humans has come from studies on topiramate and acetazolamide during acute high-altitude exposure. In contrast, administration of CA activators in animal models enhances memory and learning. Here we review the involvement of selective CA inhibition/activation in cognition-related disorders. CAs may represent a crucial family of new targets for improving cognition as well as in therapeutic areas, such as phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalised anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorders, for which few efficient therapies are available. |
topic |
carbonic anhydrase cognition-related disorders ca isoforms ca inhibitors ca activators |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14756366.2020.1766455 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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