Clinical Characteristics of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) and Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) are two different spectrums of a single disease. Since the disease is seen in younger population and is rapidly progressive blinding disease, therefore early diagnosis and treatment will reduce the burden of the disease...
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doaj-04c8eab7540d45a99cb7be1ed57377b72021-06-10T11:42:21ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2020-12-011412NC05NC0910.7860/JCDR/2020/46939.14383Clinical Characteristics of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma Patients: A Cross-sectional StudyVijay Pratap Singh Tomar0Sandeep Sharma1Rahul Bhardwaj2Sindhuja Singh3Virendra Kumar Pal4Nikita Jaiswal5Prakhar Chaudhary6Saurabh Sumanglam7Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.Consultant, Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.Consultant, Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.Consultant, Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.Optometrist, Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.Introduction: Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) and Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) are two different spectrums of a single disease. Since the disease is seen in younger population and is rapidly progressive blinding disease, therefore early diagnosis and treatment will reduce the burden of the disease and improve the quality of life. Aim: To evaluate clinical characteristics of PDS and PG patients in eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods: This was a two years (1st January 2018 to 31st December 2019) hospital‑based retrospective cross-sectional study of patients who attended the glaucoma clinic. Diagnosis of PDS was made when they had normal optic disc, normal visual field {with or without increased Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP)} and at least two of the following three signs were found clinically: Krukenberg spindle, homogenous moderate-to-heavy (≥Spaeth 2+) Trabecular Meshwork (TM) pigmentation, and any degree of zonular and/or lenticular pigment granule dusting. Patients with PDS were diagnosed with PG, if they had two or more of the following findings: initial IOP >21 mmHg, glaucomatous optic nerve damage or glaucomatous visual field loss. Various parameters such as influence of demographics, IOP, Best‑Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), Central Corneal Thickness (CCT), Mean Deviation (MD), Visual Field Index (VFI %), spherical equivalent and clinical finding of anterior segment of study patients were analysed. Mean, standard deviation and percentage were calculated using GraphPad Instat version 3.0. Results: Among 40 patients, nine eyes of the six patients had myopia of -0.5D or greater, with mean refractive error of -3.55±4.72 spherical equivalent. The average baseline IOP in study patients (PDS+PG), was 30.21±11.42 mmHg. Twenty four (60%) patients, either in one or both eyes had glaucoma, secondary to PDS at the initial diagnosis. Thirty three (82.5%) patients had Krukenberg spindles. Homogeneous TM pigmentation was seen in all patients. Typical spoke-like radial Iris Transillumination Defects (ITDs) were not observed in any of the patients except in one patient, who had isolated short slit-like trans-illumination defects in iris crypts. Conclusion: PDS patients with normal optic disc and visual field and raised IOP, should be started prophylactic treatment and needs to be monitored more closely. Thus, the finding of PDS in Indians should alert the ophthalmologist to look for glaucoma during the initial examination.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/14383/46939_CE[Ra1]_F(SL)_PF1_(SY_OM)_PFA_(OM)_PN(SL).pdfclinical characteristiciris transillumination defectstrabecular meshwork |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Vijay Pratap Singh Tomar Sandeep Sharma Rahul Bhardwaj Sindhuja Singh Virendra Kumar Pal Nikita Jaiswal Prakhar Chaudhary Saurabh Sumanglam |
spellingShingle |
Vijay Pratap Singh Tomar Sandeep Sharma Rahul Bhardwaj Sindhuja Singh Virendra Kumar Pal Nikita Jaiswal Prakhar Chaudhary Saurabh Sumanglam Clinical Characteristics of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma Patients: A Cross-sectional Study Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research clinical characteristic iris transillumination defects trabecular meshwork |
author_facet |
Vijay Pratap Singh Tomar Sandeep Sharma Rahul Bhardwaj Sindhuja Singh Virendra Kumar Pal Nikita Jaiswal Prakhar Chaudhary Saurabh Sumanglam |
author_sort |
Vijay Pratap Singh Tomar |
title |
Clinical Characteristics of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma Patients: A Cross-sectional Study |
title_short |
Clinical Characteristics of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma Patients: A Cross-sectional Study |
title_full |
Clinical Characteristics of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma Patients: A Cross-sectional Study |
title_fullStr |
Clinical Characteristics of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma Patients: A Cross-sectional Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Clinical Characteristics of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma Patients: A Cross-sectional Study |
title_sort |
clinical characteristics of pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma patients: a cross-sectional study |
publisher |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
series |
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
issn |
2249-782X 0973-709X |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
Introduction: Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) and Pigment
Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) are two different spectrums of a
single disease. Since the disease is seen in younger population
and is rapidly progressive blinding disease, therefore early
diagnosis and treatment will reduce the burden of the disease
and improve the quality of life.
Aim: To evaluate clinical characteristics of PDS and PG patients
in eastern part of Uttar Pradesh.
Materials and Methods: This was a two years (1st January
2018 to 31st December 2019) hospital‑based retrospective
cross-sectional study of patients who attended the glaucoma
clinic. Diagnosis of PDS was made when they had normal
optic disc, normal visual field {with or without increased Intra
Ocular Pressure (IOP)} and at least two of the following three
signs were found clinically: Krukenberg spindle, homogenous
moderate-to-heavy (≥Spaeth 2+) Trabecular Meshwork (TM)
pigmentation, and any degree of zonular and/or lenticular
pigment granule dusting. Patients with PDS were diagnosed
with PG, if they had two or more of the following findings:
initial IOP >21 mmHg, glaucomatous optic nerve damage or
glaucomatous visual field loss. Various parameters such as
influence of demographics, IOP, Best‑Corrected Visual Acuity
(BCVA), Central Corneal Thickness (CCT), Mean Deviation (MD),
Visual Field Index (VFI %), spherical equivalent and clinical
finding of anterior segment of study patients were analysed.
Mean, standard deviation and percentage were calculated using
GraphPad Instat version 3.0.
Results: Among 40 patients, nine eyes of the six patients had
myopia of -0.5D or greater, with mean refractive error of -3.55±4.72
spherical equivalent. The average baseline IOP in study patients
(PDS+PG), was 30.21±11.42 mmHg. Twenty four (60%) patients,
either in one or both eyes had glaucoma, secondary to PDS at
the initial diagnosis. Thirty three (82.5%) patients had Krukenberg
spindles. Homogeneous TM pigmentation was seen in all patients.
Typical spoke-like radial Iris Transillumination Defects (ITDs) were
not observed in any of the patients except in one patient, who had
isolated short slit-like trans-illumination defects in iris crypts.
Conclusion: PDS patients with normal optic disc and visual field
and raised IOP, should be started prophylactic treatment and
needs to be monitored more closely. Thus, the finding of PDS
in Indians should alert the ophthalmologist to look for glaucoma
during the initial examination. |
topic |
clinical characteristic iris transillumination defects trabecular meshwork |
url |
https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/14383/46939_CE[Ra1]_F(SL)_PF1_(SY_OM)_PFA_(OM)_PN(SL).pdf |
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