A Comparative Analysis of Two Failed Indenture Experiences in Post-emancipation Caribbean: British Guiana (1838-1843) and Danish St. Croix (1863–1868)

El siguiente artículo analiza dos experimentos fallidos de introducir trabajadores contratados de la India en Guyana Británica (1838–1843) y St. Croix danesa (1863–1868). En ambas colonias caribeñas, los estancieros se apresuraron a substituir la pérdida de la mano de obra de esclavos africanos con...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Lomarsh Roopnarine
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Stockholm University Press 2013-02-01
Series:Iberoamericana: Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
Online Access:http://www.iberoamericana.se/articles/40
id doaj-067b563400064a13ae4866accec2c15c
record_format Article
spelling doaj-067b563400064a13ae4866accec2c15c2020-11-25T02:42:45ZengStockholm University PressIberoamericana: Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies0046-84442002-45092013-02-01421-220323010.16993/ibero.4034A Comparative Analysis of Two Failed Indenture Experiences in Post-emancipation Caribbean: British Guiana (1838-1843) and Danish St. Croix (1863–1868)Lomarsh Roopnarine0Latin American and Caribbean History at Jackson State University, Mississippi, USAEl siguiente artículo analiza dos experimentos fallidos de introducir trabajadores contratados de la India en Guyana Británica (1838–1843) y St. Croix danesa (1863–1868). En ambas colonias caribeñas, los estancieros se apresuraron a substituir la pérdida de la mano de obra de esclavos africanos con unos cientos de trabajadores contratados de la India. La intención era de salvar la industria azucarera, sin embargo no se daban los mecanismos apropiados como para hacer funcionar propiamente el sistema de labor por contrato. Por ende, los trabajadores fueron maltratados en cada uno de las etapas de servidumbre por contrato. En concreto, los trabajadores de la India fueron maltratados durante la contratación, durante la travesía de la India al Caribe, y en las haciendas. Los estancieros intentaron, particularmente en Guyana Británica, de esconder el maltrato de los trabajadores. No obstante, inspecciones individuales e indagaciones por parte de grupos como Friends of India y the Anti-Slavery Society, además de relatos de los mismos trabajadores expusieron los males de labor por contrato en ambas colonias. Después de los primeros cinco años de trabajo por contrato, la corona británica y el gobierno colonial de la India detuvieron el transporte de trabajadores de la India a ambas colonias. En Guyana Británica, si no en St. Croix danesa, el sistema de labor por contrato fue restablecido en 1845. English: The following article analyzes two failed Indian indenture experiments in British Guiana (1838–1843) and Danish St. Croix (1863–1868). In both Caribbean colonies, the planters rushed to substitute the loss of indentured Indians. While the plan was to save the sugar industry from ruin, the right mechanisms were not in place for the proper functioning of the indentured labour system. Consequently, the labourers were mistreated at every stage of indentured servitude. Specifically, Indians were mistreated during recruitment, on the sea voyage from India to the Caribbean, and on the plantations. The planters tried, particularly in British Guiana, to conceal the mistreatment of the labourers. However, private inspection and investigation from interest groups such as Friends of India, the Anti-Slavery Society, and accounts from the labourers themselves exposed the evils of indenture in both colonies. The British Crown and the colonized Indian government subsequently stopped the shipping of Indian labourers to both colonies after the first five-year experiment with indenture. The contract labour system was eventually resumed in British Guiana in 1845 but not in Danish St. Croix.http://www.iberoamericana.se/articles/40
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Lomarsh Roopnarine
spellingShingle Lomarsh Roopnarine
A Comparative Analysis of Two Failed Indenture Experiences in Post-emancipation Caribbean: British Guiana (1838-1843) and Danish St. Croix (1863–1868)
Iberoamericana: Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
author_facet Lomarsh Roopnarine
author_sort Lomarsh Roopnarine
title A Comparative Analysis of Two Failed Indenture Experiences in Post-emancipation Caribbean: British Guiana (1838-1843) and Danish St. Croix (1863–1868)
title_short A Comparative Analysis of Two Failed Indenture Experiences in Post-emancipation Caribbean: British Guiana (1838-1843) and Danish St. Croix (1863–1868)
title_full A Comparative Analysis of Two Failed Indenture Experiences in Post-emancipation Caribbean: British Guiana (1838-1843) and Danish St. Croix (1863–1868)
title_fullStr A Comparative Analysis of Two Failed Indenture Experiences in Post-emancipation Caribbean: British Guiana (1838-1843) and Danish St. Croix (1863–1868)
title_full_unstemmed A Comparative Analysis of Two Failed Indenture Experiences in Post-emancipation Caribbean: British Guiana (1838-1843) and Danish St. Croix (1863–1868)
title_sort comparative analysis of two failed indenture experiences in post-emancipation caribbean: british guiana (1838-1843) and danish st. croix (1863–1868)
publisher Stockholm University Press
series Iberoamericana: Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
issn 0046-8444
2002-4509
publishDate 2013-02-01
description El siguiente artículo analiza dos experimentos fallidos de introducir trabajadores contratados de la India en Guyana Británica (1838–1843) y St. Croix danesa (1863–1868). En ambas colonias caribeñas, los estancieros se apresuraron a substituir la pérdida de la mano de obra de esclavos africanos con unos cientos de trabajadores contratados de la India. La intención era de salvar la industria azucarera, sin embargo no se daban los mecanismos apropiados como para hacer funcionar propiamente el sistema de labor por contrato. Por ende, los trabajadores fueron maltratados en cada uno de las etapas de servidumbre por contrato. En concreto, los trabajadores de la India fueron maltratados durante la contratación, durante la travesía de la India al Caribe, y en las haciendas. Los estancieros intentaron, particularmente en Guyana Británica, de esconder el maltrato de los trabajadores. No obstante, inspecciones individuales e indagaciones por parte de grupos como Friends of India y the Anti-Slavery Society, además de relatos de los mismos trabajadores expusieron los males de labor por contrato en ambas colonias. Después de los primeros cinco años de trabajo por contrato, la corona británica y el gobierno colonial de la India detuvieron el transporte de trabajadores de la India a ambas colonias. En Guyana Británica, si no en St. Croix danesa, el sistema de labor por contrato fue restablecido en 1845. English: The following article analyzes two failed Indian indenture experiments in British Guiana (1838–1843) and Danish St. Croix (1863–1868). In both Caribbean colonies, the planters rushed to substitute the loss of indentured Indians. While the plan was to save the sugar industry from ruin, the right mechanisms were not in place for the proper functioning of the indentured labour system. Consequently, the labourers were mistreated at every stage of indentured servitude. Specifically, Indians were mistreated during recruitment, on the sea voyage from India to the Caribbean, and on the plantations. The planters tried, particularly in British Guiana, to conceal the mistreatment of the labourers. However, private inspection and investigation from interest groups such as Friends of India, the Anti-Slavery Society, and accounts from the labourers themselves exposed the evils of indenture in both colonies. The British Crown and the colonized Indian government subsequently stopped the shipping of Indian labourers to both colonies after the first five-year experiment with indenture. The contract labour system was eventually resumed in British Guiana in 1845 but not in Danish St. Croix.
url http://www.iberoamericana.se/articles/40
work_keys_str_mv AT lomarshroopnarine acomparativeanalysisoftwofailedindentureexperiencesinpostemancipationcaribbeanbritishguiana18381843anddanishstcroix18631868
AT lomarshroopnarine comparativeanalysisoftwofailedindentureexperiencesinpostemancipationcaribbeanbritishguiana18381843anddanishstcroix18631868
_version_ 1724771713799946240