Characterizing the Suitability of Granular Fe<sup>0</sup> for the Water Treatment Industry
There is a burgeoning interest in reliably characterizing the intrinsic reactivity of metallic iron materials (Fe<sup>0</sup>) or zero-valent iron materials (ZVI) used in the water treatment industry. The present work is a contribution to a science-based selection of Fe<sup>0</s...
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doaj-068bb80d7fc04d229f584c6c43a6167e2020-11-25T01:15:25ZengMDPI AGProcesses2227-97172019-09-0171065210.3390/pr7100652pr7100652Characterizing the Suitability of Granular Fe<sup>0</sup> for the Water Treatment IndustryRui Hu0Xuesong Cui1Minhui Xiao2Pengxiang Qiu3Mesia Lufingo4Willis Gwenzi5Chicgoua Noubactep6School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing 211100, ChinaSchool of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing 211100, ChinaSchool of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing 211100, ChinaDepartment of Applied Geology, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 3, D-37077 Göttingen, GermanyDepartment of Water and Environmental Science and Engineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, P.O. Box 447, TanzaniaBiosystems and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, ZimbabweDepartment of Applied Geology, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 3, D-37077 Göttingen, GermanyThere is a burgeoning interest in reliably characterizing the intrinsic reactivity of metallic iron materials (Fe<sup>0</sup>) or zero-valent iron materials (ZVI) used in the water treatment industry. The present work is a contribution to a science-based selection of Fe<sup>0</sup> for water treatment. A total of eight (8) granular ZVI materials (ZVI1 to ZVI8) were tested. Fe<sup>0</sup> dissolution in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA test) and 1,10-Phenanthroline (Phen test) is characterized in parallel experiments for up to 250 h (10 days). 50 mL of each solution and 0.1 g of each Fe<sup>0</sup> material are equilibrated in quiescent batch experiments using 2 mM EDTA or Phen. Results indicated a far higher extent of iron dissolution in EDTA than in Phen under the experimental conditions. The tested materials could be grouped into three reactivity classes: (i) low (ZVI4, ZVI6, ZVI7, and ZVI8), (ii) moderate (ZVI1 and ZVI5) and (iii) high (ZVI2 and ZVI3). The order of reactivity was the same for both tests: ZVI2 ≅ ZVI3 > ZVI1 ≅ ZVI5 > ZVI4 ≅ ZVI6 ≅ ZVI7 ≅ ZVI8. Phen results revealed for the first time the time-dependent variation of the kinetics of iron corrosion (corrosion rate) in short-term batch experiments. Overall, the results demonstrated the superiority of the Phen test for evaluating the initial stage of Fe<sup>0</sup> dissolution. Long-term column experiments are recommended to deepen the acquired knowledge.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/7/10/6521,10-phenanthrolineethylenediaminetetraacetic acidintrinsic reactivitymaterial selectionquality controlzero-valent iron |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Rui Hu Xuesong Cui Minhui Xiao Pengxiang Qiu Mesia Lufingo Willis Gwenzi Chicgoua Noubactep |
spellingShingle |
Rui Hu Xuesong Cui Minhui Xiao Pengxiang Qiu Mesia Lufingo Willis Gwenzi Chicgoua Noubactep Characterizing the Suitability of Granular Fe<sup>0</sup> for the Water Treatment Industry Processes 1,10-phenanthroline ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid intrinsic reactivity material selection quality control zero-valent iron |
author_facet |
Rui Hu Xuesong Cui Minhui Xiao Pengxiang Qiu Mesia Lufingo Willis Gwenzi Chicgoua Noubactep |
author_sort |
Rui Hu |
title |
Characterizing the Suitability of Granular Fe<sup>0</sup> for the Water Treatment Industry |
title_short |
Characterizing the Suitability of Granular Fe<sup>0</sup> for the Water Treatment Industry |
title_full |
Characterizing the Suitability of Granular Fe<sup>0</sup> for the Water Treatment Industry |
title_fullStr |
Characterizing the Suitability of Granular Fe<sup>0</sup> for the Water Treatment Industry |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterizing the Suitability of Granular Fe<sup>0</sup> for the Water Treatment Industry |
title_sort |
characterizing the suitability of granular fe<sup>0</sup> for the water treatment industry |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Processes |
issn |
2227-9717 |
publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
description |
There is a burgeoning interest in reliably characterizing the intrinsic reactivity of metallic iron materials (Fe<sup>0</sup>) or zero-valent iron materials (ZVI) used in the water treatment industry. The present work is a contribution to a science-based selection of Fe<sup>0</sup> for water treatment. A total of eight (8) granular ZVI materials (ZVI1 to ZVI8) were tested. Fe<sup>0</sup> dissolution in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA test) and 1,10-Phenanthroline (Phen test) is characterized in parallel experiments for up to 250 h (10 days). 50 mL of each solution and 0.1 g of each Fe<sup>0</sup> material are equilibrated in quiescent batch experiments using 2 mM EDTA or Phen. Results indicated a far higher extent of iron dissolution in EDTA than in Phen under the experimental conditions. The tested materials could be grouped into three reactivity classes: (i) low (ZVI4, ZVI6, ZVI7, and ZVI8), (ii) moderate (ZVI1 and ZVI5) and (iii) high (ZVI2 and ZVI3). The order of reactivity was the same for both tests: ZVI2 ≅ ZVI3 > ZVI1 ≅ ZVI5 > ZVI4 ≅ ZVI6 ≅ ZVI7 ≅ ZVI8. Phen results revealed for the first time the time-dependent variation of the kinetics of iron corrosion (corrosion rate) in short-term batch experiments. Overall, the results demonstrated the superiority of the Phen test for evaluating the initial stage of Fe<sup>0</sup> dissolution. Long-term column experiments are recommended to deepen the acquired knowledge. |
topic |
1,10-phenanthroline ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid intrinsic reactivity material selection quality control zero-valent iron |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/7/10/652 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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